Hydrological Modelling and Rainfall-Runoff Relationship; Evapotranspiration Modelling; Surface and Vadose Zone Hydrology; Application of Remote Sensing, GIS and Soft-Computing in Water Resources; Vulnerability to Climate Change
| From (Date of Joining) | To | Designation | Designation | Nature of Association |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05/01/2018 | Continuing | Professor | NERIST | Regular |
| 05/01/2015 | 04/01/2018 | Associate Professor | NERIST | Regular |
| 01/02/2010 | 04/01/2015 | Associate Professor | NERIST | Regular |
| 01/08/2005 | 29/01/2010 | Scientist B | National Institute of Hydrology | Regular |
| Award | Institute | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Vice Chancellor’s Gold Medal in B.Tech. as University Topper | Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, WB | 2000 |
| Shishubala Memorial Gold Medal in B.Tech. as University Topper | Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, WB | 2000 |
| MHRD GATE Scholarship for M.Tech. (All India Rank 10) | IIT Kharagpur/ MHRD | 2000 |
| DAAD Fellowship for carrying out M.Tech. Project in TU-Dresden, Germany | DAAD Germany | 2002 |
| Institute Silver Medal in M.Tech. as AgFE Department Topper at IITKGP | IIT Kharagpur | 2003 |
| IITKGP Prestigious High Value Ph.D. Fellowship | IIT Kharagpur | 2003 |
| Best Paper Award, International Conference on Soil and Water Resources Management for Climate Smart Agriculture, Global Food and Livelihood Security, November 5-9, 2019 | Soil Conservation Society of India, New Delhi | 2019 |
| Awarded 1st Position in Poster Session, 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Water Management, November 6-8, 2019 | Ministry of Jal Shakti, Govt. of India | 2019 |
| Awarded 3rd Position in Poster Session, 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Water Management, November 6-8, 2019 | Ministry of Jal Shakti, Govt. of India | 2019 |
| Outstanding Contribution in Reviewing for Agricultural Water Management | Elsevier | 2019 |
| Emerging Alumni Influencer | Vaave | 2021 |
| Recognition for the service rendered for Atmospheric Science Letters, Wiley | Royal Meteorological Society, UK | 2022 |
| Awarded 1st Position in Poster Session, International Conference on Biodiversity, Food Security, Sustainability and Climate Change (ICBFSCC-2023), April 25-28, 2023 | Prof. H. S. Srivastava Foundation for Science, Lucknow | 2023 |
| Certificate of Appreciation for coordination to conduct Incubation Drive at NERIST on 19 May 2023 | Pentagon Space | 2023 |
| Degree | Subject | University | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| B.Tech. | Agricultural Engineering | Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, WB | 2000 |
| M.Tech. | Water Resources Development and Management | IIT Kharagpur | 2003 |
| Ph.D. | Hydrological Modelling and Geoinformatics | IIT Kharagpur | 2008 |
| From | To | Designation | Organisation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 2005 | Jan 2010 | Scientist Incharge, Computational Lab | NIH |
| Aug 2005 | Jan 2010 | Scientist Incharge, Library | NIH |
| Aug 2005 | Jan 2010 | Scientist Incharge, RS and GIS Lab | NIH |
| Aug 2005 | Jan 2010 | Scientist Incharge, Soil Lab | NIH |
| Aug 2005 | Jan 2010 | Scientist Incharge, Sarangma Meteorological Observatory | NIH |
| Mar 2010 | Sep 2014 | Incharge, AE Departmental Library cum Member, NERIST Library Committee cum Member, INDEST User Committee | NERIST |
| Aug 2011 | Dec 2019 | Deputy Incharge, ET Cell | NERIST |
| Oct 2012 | Jul 2025 | Member, Central Time Table Committee | NERIST |
| Sep 2014 | Jan 2019 | Incharge, Computational Lab, AE Dept. | NERIST |
| Jan 2015 | Feb 2019 | Incharge, Training and Placement Cell | NERIST |
| Jul 2015 | Continuing | Coordinator, Academic and Exam Automation | NERIST |
| Feb 2018 | Continuing | Nodal Point, National Academic Depository and Academic Bank of Credit | NERIST |
| Jan 2019 | Continuing | Incharge, Seminar Hall, AE Dept. | NERIST |
| Mar 2019 | Apr 2024 | Advisor, Placement Cell | NERIST |
| Apr 2020 | Jun 2022 | Chairman, Online Class and Examination Support Committee (COVID 19) | NERIST |
| May 2021 | Jul 2024 | Controller of Examinations | NERIST |
| Oct 2024 | Continuing | NBA Coordinator | NERIST |
| Apr 2025 | Continuing | IQAC Coordinator for NAAC | NERIST |
| Topic | Funding Agency | Year | Budget | Role |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impact of Climate Change on Snowmelt Runoff Contribution to Eastern Himalayan Nuranang River | DST, New Delhi | Sep 2010 – Mar 2014 (Completed) | Rs.41,44,200/- | Co-PI |
| Vulnerability of North-East India to Climate Change for Hydrological Extremes of Floods and Droughts | MoWR, New Delhi | Apr 2012 – Dec 2017 (Completed) | Rs.30,71,880/- | PI |
| Development of Hydrological Module for Snowmelt Runoff in the Himalayan Region | SAC, ISRO, Ahmedabad | Dec 2013 – Mar 2017 (Completed) | Rs.25,10,000/- | Co-PI |
| Measurement to Management (M2M): Improved Water Use Efficiency and Agricultural Productivity through Experimental Sensor Network | Information Technology Research Academy (ITRA) | Oct 2015 – Jul 2017 (Completed) | Rs.23,66,000/- | PI |
| Spatially distributed erosion estimation and hydrological modelling on a glaciated and ungauged river basin of Arunachal Pradesh using geo-informatics | SERB, New Delhi | Jun 2018 – Dec 2021 (Completed) | Rs.63,05,000/- | Co-PI |
| Assessment of Variability in Glacier melt and Snow melt Runoff under Projected Climatic Scenarios for Data Scarce Himalayan River Basins | NMSHE, DST, New Delhi | Jun 2019 – Ongoing | Rs.74,11,035/- | Co-PI |
| Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources of Arunachal Pradesh (MRDP) | NMSHE, DST, New Delhi | Jan 2021 – Ongoing | Rs.2,46,51,965/- | Co-PI |
| Development of Flood Warning System for Tlwang River, Mizoram, Development of Rating Curve & Preparation of Water Data Yearbook (Consultancy) | National Hydrology Project, World Bank through Irrigation and Water Resources Department, Mizoram | Apr 2022 – Ongoing | Rs.59,96,524/- | PI |
| Title | Course Code | Module | Semester |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water Resources System Analysis | SWC7203 | MTech | II |
| Application of Computer Programming in SWE | SWC7001 | MTech | I |
| Hydrological Modelling of Small Watersheds | SWC7003 | MTech | I |
| Design of Drainage Systems | SWC7202 | MTech | II |
| Forest Hydrology and Watershed Management | AE7223 | MSc (Forestry) | II |
| Remote Sensing and GIS for Land and Water Management | AE24009 | BTech | I |
| Design of Soil Conservation Structures | AE24024 | BTech | I |
| Hydrology and Watershed Management | AE23201 | BTech | II |
| Watershed Management | AE6011 | Degree | II |
| Machine Design | AE5201 | Degree | II |
| Building Materials and Construction | AE4204 | Diploma | II |
| Introduction to Surveying | AE12102 | Certificate | I |
| Title of Project | Names of Students |
|---|---|
| (Diploma) Estimation of Optimum Number of Raingauges for Arunachal Pradesh | Pooja Mishra, L. Hangshing |
| (Diploma) Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration over Arunachal Pradesh | Debyani Roy, Grace N. |
| (Diploma) Vulnerability Assessment of Arunachal Pradesh to Floods | N. Monica, V. Victoria Z., VL Puii |
| (Diploma) Temperature lapse rate study in Arunachal Himalaya | M. Maza, N. Hangsing, M. Zimik Vashai |
| (Diploma) Assessment of Vulnerability to Floods using Unequal Weights | R. Debbarma, C. Yamukam |
| (Diploma) Classification of Arunachal Pradesh based on Vulnerability to Flood using Probability Density Function | Milton Ngasepam, Robin N. Marak, Albarin M. Sangma, Jethro Ch. Marak |
| (Diploma) Development of stage-discharge rating curve for three catchments of Arunachal Pradesh | Liki Ete, Arishinaro Longkumer, Roni Dui |
| (Diploma) Analysis of inconsistencies in multi-year gridded precipitation estimate for Mago basin | Punwang Lowang, Sulika Assumi |
| (Diploma) In Situ Measurement of Soil Moisture and its Validation | Hage Lotus, Dani Rinyo, Salony Sangma |
| (Diploma) Seasonal Variation in Baseflow Contribution for Mago Basin | Mori Kamdak |
| (Diploma) Comparison of different methods for calculating Sensible and Latent Heat Flux | Yoshim Kaping, Neiketoukho Gwirie |
| (Degree) Rainfall Runoff Modelling of Dikrong Basin using AVSWAT | Pooja Singh |
| (Degree) Development of ArcGIS Toolbar for Temporal Trend Analysis | Anubhab Pal, Subhajit Debnath |
| (Degree) ANN Modelling of Runoff and Sediment Erosion from a Snow Covered Catchment | Tushar Kumar, Sourav Roy, S. Chakraborty |
| (Degree) Glacier monitoring and snow cover mapping over Tawang river basin | Lenin Tayeng, Rabi S. Mog |
| (Degree) Spatial interpolation of reference evapotranspiration over India | Sajal Sarkar, Areor G. Marak |
| (Degree) Snow accumulation and depletion patterns of an Eastern Himalayan basin using MODIS | N. Monica, V. Victoria Z. |
| (Degree) Evaluation of MODIS daily snow albedo for Nuranang river basin | Avinash Kumar, Sneha Tripathy |
| (Degree) Development of ArcGIS toolbar for net irrigation requirement calculation | Minotshing Maza, L. Momocha |
| (Degree) Development of kc curves for major crops of Pare basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Khyoda Mema, Tana Mathew |
| (Degree) Comparison of freely available daily gridded precipitation data with observed data over Arunachal Pradesh | Penima R. Marak, Koj Kuru |
| (Degree) Estimation of evapotranspiration using satellite data | Bijay Chhetri, Raju Tajo |
| (Degree) Identification of Glacial Lakes in Mago Arunachal Himalaya using Landsat 8 | Hage Lotus, Oyi Pertin, Nolum Lingri |
| (Degree) Temporal variation in glacier lakes for Mago river basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Ihalung Herie, Tasso Tare, Mori Kamdak |
| (Degree) Delineation of flood-prone areas using modified topographic index for Tlawng River basin of Mizoram | Bomken Ori, Shonlang Syad, Lemtsase Sangtam |
| (Degree) Evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in annual average soil loss in selected river basins of Arunachal Pradesh | Kevisede Chaya, Kevithozo Casavi, Abindo Tayeng, Hovikho Neikha, Igielung |
| (Degree) Development of IoT-based automatic irrigation control system | Piyush Patel, Preetam Raj, Rupam Chandra Deka |
| (MTech) Development and Testing of ArcGIS Toolbar for Forecasting Daily ETo and NIR Maps of India | Mahendra K. (AgFE Dept., IIT KGP) |
| (MTech) Effect of changing climate on depletion curve of a snow covered catchment | Tobom Rukbo |
| (MTech) Spatial & Temporal Variation of Snow Albedo in Glaciated Mago Basin | Ngahorza Chiphang |
| (MTech) Effect of warmer climate on snow cover area depletion in Mago basin of Eastern Himalayan region | Pooja Mishra |
| (MTech) Mapping of Snow Water Equivalent map for an Eastern Himalayan Catchment | Grace N. |
| (MTech) Generation of NDVI signature plots for major vegetation covers of Arunachal Pradesh from MODIS NDVI product | Liza Kiba |
| (MTech) Future Changes in Temperature using Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) for an Eastern Himalayan Catchment | V. Victoria Z. |
| (MTech) Comparison of various reanalysis gridded precipitation data with observed data from meteorological stations over India | Nemtinkim Hangsing |
| (MTech) Assessment of temporal and spatial variability of vulnerability to flood for north-east India | Kabyasree Choudhury |
| (MTech) Evaluating the influence of spatial resolution of DEM on estimation of soil erosion using SWAT | Vethito Nyekha |
| (MTech) Spatial and temporal variations in the snowcovers and snow parameters using SDSRM for Dibang river basin of Arunachal Pradesh | P.C. Vanlalnunchhani |
| (MTech) Areal estimation of actual evapotranspiration using SEBAL and comparison with satellite-based AET products | Chiradip Barua |
| (MTech) Areal estimation of actual evapotranspiration using SEBS and comparison with satellite-based AET products | Daiakmenlang Sana |
| (MTech) Modelling of glacier area using energy balance approach with the help of satellite image | Tarak Golom |
| (MTech) Analyzing the projected change in SWE under RCP scenarios for a high altitude river basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Arishinaro Longkumer |
| (MTech) Assessment of Hydropower Potential using Spatial Technology and SWAT Modelling in the Mago River, Arunachal Pradesh, India | Silpisikha Chetia |
| (MTech) Generation of Snow Cover Maps under Future Climatic Scenarios from Projected Snow Cover Percentage and DEM | Muthiam Khiamniungan |
| (MTech) Application of GeoWEPP for Evaluating Sediment Yield from Mago River Basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Imlisunep Imchen |
| (MTech) Assimilation of Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with Satellite-Derived Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) Data | Nyigam Bole |
| (MTech) Geospatial Assessment of Soil Erosion in a Himalayan River Basin: Dibang Basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Munuvelu Vese |
| (MTech) Temporal variation in Equivalent Line Altitude (ELA) of Meerathang Glacier of Arunachal Pradesh using Remote Sensing Data | Vizuno Mekro |
| (MTech) Analysis of the temporal variations in glaciers’ surface area in Glaciated River Basins of Arunachal Pradesh | Rimum Murtem |
| (MTech) Spatio-temporal mapping of glacier lakes and high-altitude lakes in Subansiri and Dibang river basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Megozeno |
| (MTech) Assessing the Effects of Snowmelt Dynamics on Streamflow in Alaknanda river basin of Western Himalaya using ArcSWAT Model | Salam Lamyanba Luwang |
| (MTech) Development of Automatic Calibration Tool for Spatially Distributed Snow and Glacier Melt Runoff Model (SDSGRM) using a Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm | Akhilesh Kumar |
| (MTech) Spatio-temporal variations in the Snow Cover and Snow Parameters using SDSGRM for Subansiri River Basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Geetanjali Samjetsabam |
| (MTech) Bias Correction of Climatic Data from High-Resolution CMIP6 Model over Mago River Basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Niro Darang |
| (MTech) Geospatial Assessment of Soil Erosion in High Altitude Alaknanda River Basin of Western Himalaya | Kedovito Chasie |
| (MTech) Analysis of the temporal variations in glaciers’ surface area in Alaknanda River Basin | Sujit Hazarika |
| (MTech) Flood inundation mapping using Sentinel-1 images with Google Earth Cloud Platform – A case study of Tlawng river basin of Mizoram | Ankur Borgohain |
| (MTech) Assessment of Variability in Glacier and Snow-melt Runoff for Alaknanda River Basin Using Spatially Distributed Snow and Glacier Melt Runoff Model (SDSGRM) | Niamkoi K. |
| (MTech) Flood Forecasting Using Machine Learning Technique for Tlawng River Basin of Mizoram | Kikhumcha Y. |
| (MTech) Flood risk mapping for Tlawng river basin of Mizoram | Vithono Tase |
| (MTech) Evaluation of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Susceptibility Using Multi-Criteria Assessment Framework in the selected basins of Arunachal Pradesh | Gracy Dangmei |
| Topic | Scholar Name | Status of PhD | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of Snowmelt Runoff in the Eastern Himalayan Region under Climate Change Scenarios | Ksh. T. Senzeba | Awarded | 2015 |
| GIS-based Trend Analysis of Meteorological Parameters in North-East India | Chitrasen L. | Awarded | 2016 |
| Quantitative Assessment of Vulnerability to Floods for Changing Climate in North East India | Sanayanbi Hodam | Awarded | 2016 |
| Development of a Spatially Distributed Snowmelt Runoff Model and its Application in Eastern Himalayan River Basin under Projected Climatic Scenarios | Shelina Rajkumari | Awarded | 2018 |
| Spatially Distributed Hydro-Ecological Modelling on a Representative Watershed in Eastern Himalayan Region | Pooja Mishra | Awarded | 2019 |
| Long-Term Forecasting of Net Irrigation Requirement for India using downscaled weather prediction outputs | Grace N. | Awarded | 2020 |
| Soil Moisture Simulation Using a Regional Hydro-ecological Model for Sustainability of Agriculture and Forest Ecosystem | Waikhom Rahul Singh | Awarded | 2022 |
| Multi-Basin Modelling of Temporal and Spatial Variability in Snowmelt Runoff under Changing Climate over the Indian Himalayan Region | Liza Kiba | Awarded | 2022 |
| Distributed Hydrological Modelling of River Basins under Climate Change: A way-forward for accounting, planning and management of water resources (AgFE Dept., IIT KGP) | Srishti Gaur | Awarded | 2022 |
| Assessment of Variability in Glacier-melt and Snowmelt Runoff under Projected Climatic Scenarios for a Data Scarce Himalayan River Basin | P.C. Vanlalnunchhani | Awarded | 2024 |
| Development of Glacier Energy and Mass Balance Model (GEMBM) for Monitoring Mass Balance of Mountain Glaciers | Tarak Golom | Submitted | 2025 |
| Assessment of Independent and Combined Effect of Land-Use/Land-Cover and Climate Change on Runoff using MIKE-SHE for Pare River Basin | Sameer Mandal | Submitted | 2025 |
| Development and Evaluation of the Performance of pixel-based SWAT (pixelSWAT) for Simulating Runoff from Himalayan River Basins under Projected Climatic Scenarios | Nyigam Bole | Ongoing | |
| Prediction of Snowmelt runoff using Machine learning techniques under Projected Climatic Scenarios for Mago River basin of Arunachal Pradesh | Akhilesh Kumar | Ongoing | |
| Analysis of responses of glaciers and snow cover to climate change in Arunachal Pradesh: Effect on water availability | Rimum Murtem | Ongoing | |
| Development of a Hybrid Flood Forecasting model by integrating HEC-HMS with Machine Learning Techniques | Sagar Debbarma | Ongoing | |
| Soil erosion susceptibility mapping of Arunachal Pradesh under climate and LULC change scenarios | Munuvelu Vese | Ongoing |
| Course Name | Organised By | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Hydroinformatics for surface and subsurface water resources | IIT Guwahati | Jun 09, 2008 - Jun 13, 2008 |
| Mike Flood: 1D river flow and 2D overland flow | DHI India | Jul 13, 2009 - Jul 17, 2009 |
| Introduction to ArcGIS Desktop 9.3 | NIIT GIS Ltd. | Aug 24, 2009 - Aug 28, 2009 |
| Introduction to ArcGIS Desktop 9.3.1 | ESRI India | Jun 29, 2010 - Jul 01, 2010 |
| Teaching Methodologies | NITTTR | Jan 03, 2011 - Jan 07, 2011 |
| Recent Advances in Mechanics and their Application in Nano Engineering & Technology | NERIST | Aug 01, 2011 - Aug 12, 2011 |
| Advances in Computer Integrated Manufacturing and Robotics | NERIST | Jun 26, 2012 - Jun 30, 2012 |
| Ergonomics and Safety in Product Design | NERIST | May 14, 2013 - May 18, 2013 |
| Prospects of Cloud Computing in Education | NERIST | Feb 03, 2014 - Feb 07, 2014 |
| Pedagogical Training for Engineering Teachers | IIT Guwahati | Mar 21, 2014 - Mar 23, 2014 |
| Pedagogy Training for Outcome Based Education | NITTTR | Mar 16, 2017 - Mar 17, 2017 |
| Behavioral Remodeling and Research Methodology | E&ICT Academy, IIT Guwahati | Apr 01, 2019 - Apr 05, 2019 |
| Python Workshop | Teaching Learning Centre (ICT), IIT Bombay | Jun 22, 2019 |
| River-research to Evolve Sustainable-Projects for People with Ecofriendly Climate-resilient Technology | IIT Guwahati | Nov 15, 2019 - Nov 16, 2019 |
| Climate Change Vulnerability Mapping and Risk Assessment | Arunachal Pradesh Climate Change Cell | Dec 20, 2021 - Dec 21, 2021 |
| Application of IoT in Agriculture | National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology (NIELIT) | Apr 08, 2024 - Apr 12, 2024 |
| NEP 2020 Orientation & Sensitization | UGC-Malaviya Mission Teacher Training Centre, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur | May 27, 2024 - Jun 05, 2024 |
| Outcome-Based Education (OBE) and National Board of Accreditation (NBA) | NITTTR Kolkata | Apr 01, 2025 - Apr 05, 2025 |
| Courses or Conference Name | Sponsored By | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Training Course on “Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Geomorphology” | NIH | January 02-06, 2007 |
| Workshop on “Flood Disaster Management” | NIH | March 17-18, 2008 |
| Faculty Development Programme on “RS and GIS Applications in Natural Resources Management” | TEQIP | May 14-18, 2012 |
| National Conference on “Emerging Technology Trends in Agricultural Engineering” | TEQIP | November 07-09, 2014 |
| Two weeks Faculty Development Programme on “Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources” | AICTE | October 14-25, 2019 |
| Title | Place | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Rainfall-Runoff Modelling. Workshop on Sustainable Development and Maintenance of Water Bodies | Agartala | November 20-21, 2006 |
| Hydrological Modelling | Brahmaputra Board, Guwahati | January 02-06, 2007 |
| Flood Routing | Brahmaputra Board, Guwahati | January 02-06, 2007 |
| Water Availability | Brahmaputra Board, Guwahati | January 02-06, 2007 |
| Artificial Neural Network Modeling | Guwahati | March 17-18, 2008 |
| Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Flood Management | Guwahati | March 17-18, 2008 |
| Accurate Estimation of Evapotranspiration for Sustainable Water Management | North East Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Guwahati | August 22-23, 2008 |
| Basics of Remote Sensing | NERIST | May 14-18, 2012 |
| Extending GIS Capabilities - Develop Custom Toolbars | NERIST | May 14-18, 2012 |
| RS and GIS Applications in Flood Management | NERIST | May 14-18, 2012 |
| Evapotranspiration (Training Course on “Basic Hydrology”) | NIH Guwahati | September 26-30, 2016 |
| Importance of e-Learning in COVID-19 Scenario and its Future Perspective | GKCIET Malda | June 25-29, 2020 |
Bhadra, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Singh, R., Raghuwanshi, N.S. 2007. Integrated Reservoir-based Canal Irrigation Model (IRCIM). Copyright received from Copyright Office, Govt. of India. No. L-29594/2007.
Bhadra, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Chiphang, N., Vanlalnunchhani, P.C. 2023. Spatially Distributed Snow and Glacier Melt Runoff Model (SDSGRM). Copyright received from Copyright Office, Govt. of India. No. SW-17911/2023.
Bhadra, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Golom, T. 2023. Glacier Mass Balance Model (GMBM). Copyright received from Copyright Office, Govt. of India. No. SW-17912/2023.
Bhadra, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bole, N. 2023. PixelSWAT. Copyright received from Copyright Office, Govt. of India. No. SW-17910/2023.
Bhadra, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Vese, M., Bole, N. 2025. ArcRUSLE. Copyright received from Copyright Office, Govt. of India. No. 5084/2025-CO/SW dt. 13-02-2025.
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